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The History of the Two Way Radio

Radios are one of the means of communication that are used widely and popularly. One of the best things about a radio is that it can be easily carried from one place to another. Radios are of various types. A broadcast radio is the one that only receives content and cannot transmit it back. A two way radio is the one which can receive as well as send content or signals. It is the most popular type of radio used these days.
A two way radio is available in many different configurations. A few of the popular configurations include the hand held portable configuration, mobile configuration and the stationary base configuration. The hand held portable configuration can be carried from one place to another and are easy to use. It is also called a walkie talkie. The mobile configuration is the one in which signals can be received and transmitted at the same time. The mobile configuration is very easy to use and can be conveniently carried from one place to another. The stationary base configuration is the one which cannot be carried around but is very easy and convenient to use.
The use of this type of a radio can be traced back to the use of transmitters and receivers that were used to exchange messages wirelessly. The first two way radio was developed in Australia in the year 1923. The Victorian Police were the first ones to use this type of a radio for wireless communication in cars. This made it very convenient to communicate. Later with the development in radio technology, most vehicles were installed with two way communication radios. These transceivers were very popularly used in World War II.
A two way radio operates at different frequencies. In addition, the frequency for each country is different. There are several factors that determine the frequencies at which two way radios operate. These include licensing conditions set by the government in each county, the licensing regulations, availability of radio frequencies, the type of area in which radio signals have to travel, interference and noise levels that are present during transmission and reception of signals etc. The type of area affects the frequencies at which radios operate. Radio signals cannot easily travel across certain areas like forests and rural areas. So whenever, a frequency has to be set for these types of radios, it has to be ensured that the area is taken into consideration. Frequencies also have to follow the regulations that have been set so that they do not interfere with other frequencies.
Each frequency is known by a channel number mainly because it is easier to remember a channel number than remembering a frequency in hertz. Most radio service providers use channel numbers instead of frequencies and even the users find it more convenient. Also all radio signals have to follow a communication protocol. This is important so that radio stations can cooperate with each other for providing radio signals. This also ensures that one radio station does not interfere with another station.…

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History of Mobile Phones

The Electromagnet was invented in 1825 by William Sturgeon, a British electrician. This was followed by the invention of the electric telegraph by Samuel Morse that transmit electrical signal over wires and is translated to message. The Telephone, a device that could transmit speech electrically was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
Radio technology began as wireless telegraphy in 1866 by Mahlon Loomis, an American dentist. The Radio, a two way communication device developed from the permanent installations in vehicles to bag phones and the backpacked walkie talkie developed by Motorola in 1940s to hand held two way Handie talkie (HT) It was the size of a man’s telephone and Radio technologies combined to bring Radio Telephone.Radio telephone appeared in Europe in1926.
Soon, it was realized that when mobile phones are connected to smaller and lower powered base stations arranged in cellular pattern and with frequency reuse there is an increase in the number of people who can talk at a time i.e an increase in the traffic was how the cellular phone started in 1947. The electronics of cell phones was developed by Richard H. Frenkiel and Joel S. Enjel of Bell lab in the 1960s.
Most phones were analog in the 1980s. They are mostly digital now with ease of signaling,lower level of interference and increased capacity.
GSM (Mobile System for Mobile communication)
Lack of standardization for the various systems developed resulted in compatibility problems especially with the development of Radio technology. To address this problems, GSM, a standardization group was established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard that would formulate specifications for a pan European mobile cellular Radio system. It was hoped then that other countries would join the partnership.
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS.
1G (First generation) These were analog, used for voice calls only.
2G (Second generation):These were digital, provided caller identity, text messaging, avoid interference and drop calls and could handle a large number of calls.
2.5G Between 2G and 3G. Provided faster services than 2G and can access the internet.
3G Suitable for high speed data application, traditional voice calls, provide navigational maps, web browsing, fax, paging, email, video conferencing, multimedia, TV streaming.…